robinson



(Model.)

S. W. ROBINSON SOLE FASTENING FOR BOOTS 0R SHOES. No. 265,149. v Patented Sept. '26, 1882.

as. m Utbcguplun wmimm. o. c,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

STILLMAN W. ROBINSON, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO O. E. LEWIS, OF SAME PLACE.

SOLE-FASTENING I-OR BOOTS OR SHOES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 265,149, dated September 26, 1882,

Application filed February 6, 1882. (Model.)

To all whom tt may concern:

Be it known that I, STILLMAN W. ROBIN- sou, acitizen ot' the United States, residing in the city of Columbus, countytof Franklin, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Sole-Fastenings for Boots or Shoes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a sole-fastening consistin g of what may, perhaps, be termed a fluted and ribbed nail, the flutes being lengthwise and the ribs crosswise on theridges between flutes, which nail, when inserted into the leather, is first driven to the desireddepth [5 and then turned on its axis through part of a revolution, according to number of flutes, this partial rotation causing the ribs to advance into the sound and unbroken leather lying in the fluted spaces while driving, thus securing in a simple manner a firm substantial fastening, which is intermediate between nails for convenience and screws for strength.

The essential features of the nail and mode of applying are shown in enlarged views in the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure 1 shows side and edge views of the nail. Fig. 2 shows cross-sections of nails. of various number and forms of flutes. Fig. 3 indicates how to apply the nail in fastening a 0 sole to a shoe. The nail, as shown in side and edge viewin Fig. '1, and in cross-section in Fig. 2, may be made from wire in continuous form by first fluting the wire on two sides, as shown in sections F, G, and H, or on one side, as at E, or on three sides, as 'at I, or even more sides, if desired; and second, by cutting ribs on the portions of the wire left between the flutes. Ihe ribs may be formed in a lathe either as in 40 cutting screw-threads or as in turning successive ring-grooves, according to whether the ribs are to be inclined to the axis, as shownin O I), Fig. 1, or square with it, as in A B, Fig.

1.. The flutes or slabbed sides are cut lengthwise. The ends of the nails should be beveled, to facilitate driving. In application these nails are to be forced to the desired depth into the leather while retained in some one position-such as shown at a b c d, Fig. 3-for 5o double-fluted nails, and then they are to be given a quarter-turn into a second position, 0 fg h. Now, in the act of inserting a nail the leather within the space a b 0 dis cut and torn,

and thus damaged and rendered unfit for holding the teeth or circumferential ribs of the nail; but in the segmental spaces a 0 6]" and b d h g the leather is still solid and unbroken. Hence by a quarter-turn the ribs of the nail are advanced into the sound leather, upon which they take a firm hold, thus making the fastening secure. At L, Fig. 3, the sameei feet is obtained by a triple-fluted nail, the final partial rotation being the sixth of a turn. Similarly the nail E, Fig. 2, requires a halfturn.

In some cases one form of cross-section may be preferred to others. For instance, G is'a good form to take firm hold upon. the leather, but in thick soles it may twist either partly-or entirely off in the quarter-turn given after insertion. In such case the form His better, where the corners of the teeth or ends of the ribs are rounded off by making thefluted or slabbed sides convex. The leather will then more readily slipfrom theside to theedgeof the nail as it is given the final partial rotation. Also, the ribs are preferably thin, like the threads of a wood-screw, to reduce the resistance to rotating in the leather. When the ribs are inclined, as at O D, Fig. 1, they will have the So effect to advance the nail a small amount, in the manner of a screw, as the nail is given the final partial rotation. This slight advance will aid in puncturing the last film of leather at the pressure-horn beneath, such film having-8 5 been found, by trial, diflicult to cut in the act of driving the nail, the latter being in danger of crippling.

In manufacturing the nails it is immaterial to the objects of this invention whether the 0 nails are prepared in continuous wire or in pieces of a single naileach. Nor is it material whether the flutes and ribs are cut or are pressed by dies into shape, nor whether one operation precedes the other. 5

What I claim as'my invention is- An improved sole-fastening consisting of a nail fluted longitudinally and provided with circumferential ribs, all substantially as and for the purpose stated.

STILLMAN W. ROBINSON.

In presence of W. E. GUERIN, 0. E. LEWIS. 

